What is the purpose of a ground wire in electrical systems?

The purpose of a ground wire in electrical systems is to provide a safe path for electrical current to prevent shock and protect equipment. When there is a fault, such as a short circuit, the ground wire helps redirect excess electrical current safely into the ground. This helps to minimize the risk of electric shock to individuals and protects the integrity and functionality of the electrical devices connected to the system.

Grounding is a critical safety measure, as it not only protects users from electrical hazards but also stabilizes voltage levels in electrical systems and provides a reference point for the voltage used in circuits. By ensuring that an electrical system is properly grounded, you help maintain safety and reliability in the operation of electrical equipment.

Other options, such as increasing electrical resistance or enhancing signal transmission, do not accurately describe the role of a ground wire, while connecting circuits in parallel pertains to circuit design rather than grounding principles.